Process for the manufacture of betain from vinasses.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OTTO BERGAMI, OF BERLIN-KARLSHORST, AND CARL SAEMANN, OF BERLIN-FRIE- DENAU, GERMANY, ASSIGNOBS TO ACTIEN GESELLSCHAFT F'O'R ANILIN FABRI- KATION, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BETAIN FROM VIN ASSES.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, OTTO BERGAMI and CARL SAEMANX, subjects of the King of Prussia, residing at Berlin-Karlshorst, Germany, and Berlin-Friedenau, Germany, (our postoflice addresses being Prinz-Oskarstrasse 5,

Berlin-Karlshorst, Germany, and Lauter strasse 5-6, Berlin-Friedenau, Germany,) have invented certain new and' useful Improvements in Processes for the Manufacture of Betain from Vinasses, of which the following is a specification.

Methods hitherto known for the industrial production of betain or its salts from vinasses or the like are essentially of two kinds. One consists in extracting the parent material directly with alcohol and working up to pure betain or its salts the crude product dissolved by alcohol. In the other method the sugar still present in the parent material is changed by action of gaseous hydrogen chlorid into humous substances, the betain being converted into its hydrochlorid; the humous substances are separated by filtration, the

,alkali chlorids and the hydrochlorid of glu-- 'tamic acid which are present in the solution are allowed to crystallize, and the betain hydrochlorid is extracted by alcohol from the solution which has been evaporated to the consistence of a syrup. 1

Now by the process of our present invention the formation of humous substances is completely avoided and the betain is separated in the form of a salt and preferably in the form of the hydrochlorid; and the yields are much better than in the known processes. This new process consists in removing as far as possible by evaporation in a vacuum the water from the vinasses or the like which serves as parent material. This evaporation may be performed with the addition of hydrochloric acid or another inorganic acid or without such addition. In the "latter case the residue, after evaporation, is mixed with V drogen halid mixed with 'alkalichlorid.

From this impure betain-hydrochlorid, etc.,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 13, 1917.

Application filed March 4, 1914. Serial No. 8 522,371.

hydriodic acid, is added to the parent material before evaporation, this evaporation in a vacuum is also efiected at a moderate temperature, for example at 5060 C. until copious crystallization begins from the warm solution. lVhereas during t e evaporation of the parent material acidified with hydrochloric acid under ordinary pressure humous substances are formed, as is known, and such substances impart a dark color to the betain hydrochlorid which crystallizes, there is obtained by the process of our present invention a concentrated solution free from humous substances, from which, on cooling, crude betain hydrochlorid mixed chiefly with inorganic salts crystallizes. In order to produce rapid separation, the evaporated solution may be mixed with a further quantity of hydrochloric acid, for instance 10% of acid of 37-38% strength calculated on the original weight of the parent material and then the mass is cooled.

In carrying out our new process of course hydrochloric acid is preferably used as the inorganic acid; from the hydrochlorid of betain either betain itself or other salts thereof may be produced in known manner. It may be stated, however, that our process can also be carried out for instance with the aid of hydrobromic acid.

The following. examples may serve to illustrate our invention:

1. A vinasse which has'been nearly dehydrated by evaporation in a vacuum, is

mixed with suflicient concentrated hydrochloric acid of 1.19 specific gravity-to produce a strongly acid reaction to Congo indicator. The operation of mixing the still warm, dehydrated vinasse with the hydrochloric acid should be conducted in such a manner, advantageously with aid of cooling, that the temperature does not exceed 50-60? C. When the mixture is cooled crude betain hydrochlorid crystallizes; it is filtered, washed with a little alcohol and dried.

The crude product thus obtained may be mge of freeing vacuum salt byre of a 7g mg 1n ter ina of the )ChlOI'lC 75 re of a in addmaterial erature 8o nwater an add- .ic acid. re of a 111 add t matea tem- 1e tnass vac gufum s .a ilid of re of a.

in addi ntity o tly acid 96 ss at a ing the vacuum,

Congo betain [1'6 of a in add- 105 :ture of freeing Vacuum, he form he additing the lid with ut from 130 stirring with 165 kilos ofihyd'rochloric acid" of 32% strength, care being taken by cooling, that the tem erature does not surpass about 55 G. hen the mass is heated in a vacuum at about 50-60 C. and the water is distilled ofl'iin a quantity of about 85 kilos, whereupon the residue is more strongly acidified by the addition of 30 kilos of hy drocllloric acid of 37-38% strength. The

-mass having been cooled down to about 15 C. it'is drained, in order to separate the precipitate consisting of a mixture of betain hydr ochlorid with inorganic salts. This mixture is washed with ethyl alcohol in order to remove the mother lye and then dried; the product thus obtained after cool- .ing is treated at the boiling point With about 500 kilos of methyl alcohol and the hot solution is filtered fed from the undissolved inorganic salts; from the filtrate on cooling the betain hydrochlorid crystallizes, whereas the rest may be obtained by evaporating the mother liquor. The betain hydrochlorid thus obtained possesses a great deupon" with a solution of an alkali in strong g 'ee of purity; it may be obtained in a chemically pure state by one recrystalliza- -tion from water in'the presence of animal charcoal.

In order to. obtain the betain itself from the respective inorganic salt thereof, an alcoholic solution of the salt may be acted alcohol. a

It is obvious that our present invention is not limited to the foregoing examples or to 5 material being eifected by the addition of an -.inorganic acid.

2. The process for the manufacture of betain from ;vinasses.,"consisting in freeing I the parent material from water in a vacuum, the separation of the betain from the parent material bein effected by the addition of a hydrogen lid.

7 3. The process for the manufaci betain from vinasses, consisting in the parent material from water in a and effecting separation of the betain the addition of a hydrogen halid.

4. The'process for the manufactu beta-in salt from vinasses, consist freeing the parent material from -wa1 vacuum and effecting separation betain salt by the addition of hydr acr 7 5. The process for the manufactu betain salt from vinasses, consisting ing an inorganic acid to l the parent I] while maintaining the at a temp of'about 55 0., freeing the mass frol by evaporation in avacuum and th: ing further quantities of an inorgan 6. The process for the manufactu betain salt from vinasses, consisting ing a hydrogen-halid to the pawn rial while maintaining the mass at pei'ature of about 55 (1', freeing tl from water by evaporation in a and then f adding further quantitie hydrogeni halid, the hydrogen h: betain being thus separated.

7 The process for the manufactu betain salt from vinasses,.consisting ing to the parent material such a qua: hydrochloric acid; as will effect sligh' reaction While maintaining the ma temperature of about 55 (3., free mass from water by evaporation in a i adding further quantities of hydr acid, until strongly acidjreact on to indicator occurs and afiowing the hydrochlorid to crystallize out.

8. The process for the manufactu betain salt from vinasses, consisting ing to theparent'material such a C of hydrochloric acid as will effectacid reaction', freeing the mass fror by' evaporation in'a vacuum, adding quantities of hydrochloric acid. striongly acid reaction to Congo 11 occurs, allowing the betain hydroch crystallize out, draining it from the liquor, washing the residue w1th eth hol to reniove the remainder of the lye, treating the product thus obtain hot methyl alcohol, filtering oif thl solved inorganier salts, and crysl betain hydrochlorid from the filtrz recrystalliz ing the betain lhdrochloi water with the addition of ammz coal. 1 I

9. The process for the manufac betain from vinasses consisting 1n the parent material from 'f-water in a effecting separation oftheijbetain in t of the salt of a hydrogen halid by ti tion of a hydrdgen halid and separa mixture of the betain hydrogenihai inorganic salts which crystallizes o the mother liquor by draining and washing with ethyl alcohol, extracting the betain hydrogen halid with gnethyl alcohol; from which alcoholic solution the free betain is obtained by the action of an alkali in aI known manner.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in presence of two subsci'ibing witnesses. I

' OTTO BERGAMI. CARL SAEMANN. Witnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY HASPER. 

